In October 2019, the American Psychological Association released the 7^th edition of their popular citation format, which officially replaced the 6^th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association published back in 2009. The 7^th edition of APA style citation format brings some notable changes, if not significant, since the 6^th edition which has been around for almost a decade. We take a look at some of the most notable changes in the latest edition of the APA Publication Manual.

In-Text Citations and References

Author Names 

– The 6^th edition of the APA manual requires you to list all the authors followed by commas the first time (for works with three to five authors) and then you can use “et al.” after the first author. While citing works with more than six authors, you can use “et al.” after the first author for all citations.

However, in the 7^th edition of the APA, you do not need to mention all the authors even for the first time and regardless of the number of authors. You can simply use “et al.” after the first author.

Multiple Authors In the Reference List 

– The APA 6 allows surnames and initials of no more than seven authors to be listed in the reference section. For eight or more authors, you can use “. . .” (three-spaced ellipsis) after the sixth author and before the last author.

In APA 7, the surnames and initials of up to 20 authors need to be listed in the reference entry. In case there are 21 and more authors, you can use the ellipsis after the 19^th author and before the last author. The names of no more than 20 authors should be listed in the reference entry.

Publisher Location 

– Unlike the 6^th edition which required adding location of the publisher of the source in the citation, you no longer need to include the publisher location (city, country/state, etc.) in the reference after the book title.

“Birmingham, UK: Packt Publishing” would just become “Packt Publishing.”

Ebook Publisher

 – For ebooks, the format, device, or platform (kindle, nook, etc.) is no longer required in the citations, but the publisher has to be included after the title.

Running Head 

– The running head is the shortened version of the title and is written in all capital letters in the 6^th edition. But, there’s no running head in the 7^th edition – it only has the page number and the paper title (shortened version).

DOI and URL Formatting 

– A DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is a unique alphanumeric string of characters used to identify ebooks and journals. Both DOI and URL are presented as hyperlinks in the 7^th edition and you no longer need to use the label “DOI.” Additionally, you no longer need to include “Retrieved from” before the URL, unless a retrieval data is required.

Website Name 

– The website name has to be included in the reference in plain text followed by a period before the URL, unless the name is the same as the author’s.

Paper Formatting

Format Paper 

– The 7th edition of the APA manual specifies two different ways to set up your paper, one for students and one for professionals. So, there are separate guidelines for student papers and professional papers. In the 6^th edition, however, both the papers are formatted the same way.

Fonts 

– The 7^th edition of the APA manual provides more flexibility when it comes to fonts. Unlike the 6th edition which limits the use of the fonts to 12-point Times New Roman, the 7th edition brings some new options. So, now you can use the Calibri 11, Arial 11, Lucida Sans Unicode 10, and the Georgia 11 in addition to the Times New Roman 12.

Title 

– The title is now in bold in the 7^th edition, along with all the section labels. The running head is now omitted in the student papers, unless your instructor says otherwise.

Heading Levels

 – The heading levels 3, 4 and 5 are updated in the 7^th edition to improve the readability, with the Level 3 being flushed to the left and italicized. The Level 4 heading are no longer in italics but indented. Level 5 headings are italicized and indented.

APA 6 vs. APA 7: Comparison Chart

Summary

The revised version, the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association 7^th Edition brings some major changes to the decade-old APA 6^th Edition. So, anyone who is well-versed with the APA 6 citations writing, the transition to the APA 7 should be smooth. Some of the noticeable changes include omission of the publisher location in the book references, inclusion of website names, removal of ebook format or platform, capitalization of ethnic and racial terms, and other changes in regard to in-text formatting.

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